Author(s): Cheng, Z (Cheng, Zhi); Zhou, J (Zhou, Jing); Wang, B (Wang, Bin); Wu, Q (Wu, Qiong); Ma, L (Ma, Liang); Qin, Z (Qin, Zhi); Shen, J (Shen, Jie); Chen, W (Chen, Wen); Peng, W (Peng, Wei); Chang, JL (Chang, Jianglei); Ci, PH (Ci, Penghong); Dong, SX (Dong, Shuxiang)

Source: ADVANCED SCIENCE 

DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403746  Early Access Date: JUN 2024  Published Date: 2024 JUN 14  

Abstract: Extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic (EM) waves adeptly propagate in harsh cross-medium environments, overcoming rapid decay that hinders high-frequency counterparts. Traditional antennas, however, encounter challenges concerning size, efficiency, and power. Here, drawing inspiration from nature, we present a groundbreaking piezo-actuated, bionic flapping-wing magnetic-dipole resonator (BFW-MDR), operating in the electro-mechano-magnetic coupling mechanism, designed for efficient ELF EM wave transmission. The unique rigid-flexible hybrid flapping-wing structure magnifies rotation angles of anti-phase magnetic dipoles by tenfold, leading to constructive superposition of emitted magnetic fields. Consequently, the BFW-MDR exhibits a remarkable quality factor of 288 and an enhanced magnetic field emission of 514 fT at 100 meters with only 6.9 mW power consumption, surpassing traditional coil antennas by three orders of magnitude. The communication rate is doubled by the ASK+PSK modulation method. Its robust performance in cross-medium communication, even amidst various interferences, underscores its potential as a highly efficient antenna for underwater and underground applications.

This study introduces a piezo-actuated, bionic flapping-wing magnetic-dipole resonator (BFW-MDR) for efficient ELF electromagnetic wave transmission, utilizing electro-mechano-magnetic coupling. The innovative design significantly enhances magnetic field superposition and rotation angle, boosting emission efficiency. With exceptional quality factor and low power consumption, the BFW-MDR excels in air-seawater communication, promising potential for underwater and underground applications. image